BANNEDTHOUGHT.NET
Suppression of News in Cambodia (Kampuchea) and Information
about Cambodian History and Democratic Kampuchea led by Pol Pot
The Pol Pot government in Cambodia (or Kampuchea in the Khmer language), which was known as Democratic Kampuchea, was a brutal peasant nationalist regime which came to power in April 1975 after years of horrendous bombing of the country by the American imperialists, and was overthrown by invading Vietnamese troops in January 1979. Although often quite erroneously called a “Maoist” movement and regime, it was nothing of the kind, and never claimed to be—though it did consider China to be a friend and ally.
Far from seeking to build and expand an urban proletariat and put the working class in power, the Pol Pot regime emptied out the cities, abolished money, and attempted (with little success) to create a rural peasant socialist utopia. It used the harshest methods, and killed a very large number of people (though claims by anti-communist ideologists in the West of the number of deaths were grossly exaggerated and included hundreds of thousands of people who were actually killed by the massive US bombing of the country during the Vietnam War, and the resulting starvation and chaos). For an extensive summation of the Pol Pot regime from a Maoist point of view see: “Condescending Saviors: What Went Wrong with the Pol Pot Regime”, by F.G., A World to Win, #25 (1999), online at: http://www.bannedthought.net/International/RIM/AWTW/1999-25/PolPot_eng25.htm
However, it should be stated that a deep and thorough investigation of Democratic Kampuchea, the Communist Party of Kampuchea, and Pol Pot, still remains to be accomplished by foreign revolutionary Marxists. At present we do not know all that much about the internal debates and struggles within the CPK and the full story about why the Cambodian revolution in the 1970s took the course that it did, beyond the unpleasant fact that large numbers of CPK members were themselves tortured and killed by their paranoid and apparently undisciplined “comrades”. For that reason we are seeking to provide as many hard-to-find documents here as we can in order to help facilitate further historical research. As far as we know, more recent Cambodian communists themselves have not yet summed up their own historical experience and developed a new revolutionary path forward.
After the overthrow of Pol Pot by the Vietnamese, Cambodia became for a time a virtual semi-colony of revisionist Vietnam. Gradually it then developed into what is now more of a typical backward “Third World” comprador authoritarian dictatorship open to more general imperialist intervention and predation.
If you know of other suppressed documents and news reports that should be posted here, contact us at: freespeech@bannedthought.net
Contemporary Cambodia and the Suppression of Free Speech in that Country
- “30 Years of Hun Sen: Violence, Repression, and Corruption in Cambodia”, by Human Rights Watch, 2015, 75 pages. [Note: HRW has often been justly criticized for “being close to” the U.S. government and for being under strong U.S. government influence and even for outright representing the point of view of the American imperialist bourgeoisie. This should be kept in mind when reading any HRW document. There may, nevertheless, be some very useful exposure of the crimes of Hun Sen and his current regime in this document. —Ed.] Searchable PDF format [453 KB]
- “Cambodia’s Internet May Soon Be Like China’s: State Controlled”, by Charles McDermid, New York Times, January 15, 2022, 7 pages. Searchable PDF format [495 KB]
Democratic Kampuchea and Pol Pot
Basic Government Documents:
- [To be added if we can obtain them.]
Foreign Relations and Wars:
- “Black Paper: Facts and Evidences of Acts of Aggression and Annexation by Vietnam Against Kampuchea”, by the Department of Press and Information of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Democratic Kampuchea, September 1978, 98 pages. PDF format [20,214 KB]
- “Speech by the Deputy Prime Minister in Charge of Foreign Affairs, Ieng Sary”, Chairman of the delegation of Democratic Kampuchea at the 33rd session of the United Nations General Assembly, delivered on Oct. 12, 1978, 21 pages. PDF format [2,096 KB]
- “New War in Southeast Asia: Documents on Democratic Kampuchea and the Current Struggle for National Independence”, compiled by the Kampuchea Support Committee, New York City, n.d. (but circa April 1979), 92 pages. PDF format [37,064 KB]
Cambodian Economy:
- “Underdevelopment in Cambodia”, by Khieu Samphan, Indochina Chronicle, Sept.-Nov. 1976, 28 pages. PDF format [4,116 KB]
Communist Party of Kampuchea:
- “Summary of Annotated Party History”, by the Communist Party of Kampuchea, circa Sept. 1973, 37 pages. This is an English translation (probably by the US military) of a Cambodian-language document they captured. It is apparently a rough draft of the first party history, covering its first 22 years (1951-1973). [Later, however, the CPK considered 1960 to be its true founding date.] PDF format [12,679 KB]
- “Communique by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Kampuchea Concerning the Dissolution of the Communist Party of Kampuchea”, December 6, 1981, 6 pages. PDF format [770 KB]
- [Book:] “Pol Pot Plans the Future: Confidential Leadership Documents from Democratic Kampuchea, 1976-1977”, translated and edited by David P. Chandler, Ben Kernan & Chanthou Boua, (Yale Univ. Southeast Asia Studies, 1988), 364 pages. Searchable PDF format [15,020 KB]
Pol Pot:
- “Interview with Tran Thanh Xuan, Vice-Director General of Viet Nam News Agency”, in Phnom Penh, July 20, 1976, 5 pages. (From the Journal of Contemporary History.) PDF format [329 KB]
- “Speech at a Commemorative Meeting for Mao Zedong”, by Pol Pot, Phnom Penh, Sept. 13, 1976, 2 pages. From Peking Review, Vol. 19, #41, Oct. 8, 1976. PDF format [692 KB]
[The complete copy of this issue of Peking Review is available online at: http://www.massline.org/PekingReview/PR1976/PR1976-41.pdf]- “Long Live the 17th Anniversary of the Communist Party of Kampuchea”, a speech by Pol Pot, Secretary of the Central Committee of the Kampuchean Communist Party, and on the occasion of the solemn proclamation of the official existence of the Party, delivered in Phnom Penh on Sept. 29, 1977, 80 pages. [However this date must be in error, since Pol Pot was giving a different speech in Beijing on that date.] Unofficial translation prepared by the “Group of Kampuchean Residents in America” (New York City). Searchable PDF format [3,060 KB]
- “Speech at a Banquet Given by Chinese Authorities in Beijing”, Sept. 29, 1977. Included in Peking Review, Vol. 20, #41, October 7, 1977, along with a welcoming speech by Hua Guofeng and other relevant information totaling about 16 pages. PDF format [1,297 KB]
- “Discussion between Hua Guofeng and Pol Pot”, Sept. 29, 1977, 2 pages. PDF format [65 KB]
- “Brief Report of Pol Pot’s Visit to North Korea in October 1977”, by the Romanian Embassy in Pyongyang, Oct. 10, 1977, 3 pages. PDF format [68 KB]
- “Letter from the Communist Party of Kampuchea to the Canadian Communist League (M-L)”, Oct. 28, 1977, 1 page. (From The Forge, Vol. 2, #22, Nov. 25, 1977.) PDF format [144 KB]
- “Speech Commemorating the 10th Anniversary of the Revolutionary Army of Kampuchea”, given by Pol Pot at a mass meeting in Phnom Penh, Jan. 17, 1978. (Phnom Penh: Dept. of Press & Information, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1978), 24 pages. PDF format [2,092 KB]
- “Interview of Comrade Pol Pot, Secretary of the Communist Party of Kampuchea, Prime Minister of the Government of Democratic Kampuchea, to the Delegation of Yugoslav Journalists Visting Kampuchea, March 17, 1978”, (Dept. of Press & Information, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Democratic Kampuchea), 26 pages. PDF format [3,705 KB]
- “Interview With Brother Number One”, an interview of Pol Pot by the Democratic Kampuchea Press Agency, focusing on Vietnam's invasion of Kampuchean territory, April 12, 1978, 3 pages. (Reprinted in Searching For The Truth, Number 16, April 2001. PDF format [146 KB]
- “Pol Pot: Talks With the Delegation of the Association Belgium-Kampuchea”, Aug. 5, 1978, (Dept. of Press & Information, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Democratic Kampuchea), 38 pages. PDF format [6,006 KB]
- “Pol Pot: Talks With the Delegation of the Sweden-Kampuchea Friendship Association”, August 1978, (Dept. of Press & Information, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Democratic Kampuchea), 16 pages. PDF format [2,466 KB]
- “Interview with Jan Myrdal of the Delegation of the Association of Sweden-Kampuchea Friendship and for Swedish Television”, Aug. 24, 1978, 20 pages. (Phnom Penh: Dept. of Press & Information, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1978). PDF format [1,082 KB]
- “Biography of Comrade Pol Pot, Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Kampuchea”, by the Communist Party of Kampuchea, (Dept. of Press & Information, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Democratic Kampuchea: Sept. 1978), 7 pages. PDF format [200 KB]
- “Interview with the Turkish Magazine Aydinlik”, Sept. 14, 1978, 10 pages. PDF format [1,496 KB]
- “Interview with Hong Kong Newspapers Wen Wei Po and Ta Kun Pao”, Sept. 21, 1978, 51 pages. (Phnom Penh: Dept. of Press & Information, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1978). PDF format [1,444 KB]
- “Let us Continue to Firmly Hold Aloft the Banner of the Victory of the Glorious Communist Party of Kampuchea in Order to Defend Democratic Kampuchea, Carry on Socialist Revolution and Build Up Socialism”, by Pol Pot, speech on the 18th anniversary of the founding of the CPK, Phnom Penh, Sept. 27, 1978, 40 pages. PDF format [4,477 KB]
- “Speech Made by Comrade Pol Pot, Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Kampuchea, Prime Minister of the Government of Democratic Kampuchea, at the Banquet Given in Honor of the Delegation of the Communist Party of China and Government of the People’s Republic of China”, Phnom Penh, Nov. 5, 1978, 22 pages. [Some underlining; our apologies.] PDF format [3,223 KB]
- “Summary of the Talks with the Delegation of the Xinhua News Agency”, Dec. 11, 1978, 19 pages. (Phnom Penh: Dept. of Press & Information, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1978). PDF format [1,469 KB]
- “Deposed Pol Pot Gives Interview in the Jungle”, December 1979, 2 pages. (Newspaper report which quotes Pol Pot, The Guardian, Dec. 11, 1979). PDF format [68 KB]
- “Japanese Press Interviews Pol Pot”, U.S. unclassified diplomatic cable, Dec. 11, 1979, 1 page. PDF format [76 KB]
- “Peking Review Report on Japanese Press Interview of Pol Pot”, Vol. 22, #41, Dec. 21, 1979, 1 page. PDF format [337 KB]
- “Nate Thayer Interview with Pol Pot”, Far Eastern Economic Review, Oct. 30, 1997, 14 pages. PDF format [148 KB]
- “In an Interview Pol Pot Declares His Conscience Is Clear”, New York Times news story about Thayer interview of Pol Pot listed above, Oct. 23, 1997, 3 pages. PDF format [119 KB]
- “Final Interview with Pol Pot”, April 2, 1998, published by the so-called "Radio Free Asia", 6 pages. PDF format [254 KB]
- “Pol Pot Remembered”, by Elizabeth Becker, BBC Radio report, April 20, 1998, 3 pages. PDF format [74 KB]
- “Dying Breath: The Inside Story of Pol Pot's Last Days and the Disintegration of the Movement He Led”, by Nate Thayer, The Far Eastern Economic Review, April 30, 1998, 10 pages. PDF format [497 KB]
Foreign Commentary about Democratic Kampuchea (Positive and Negative):
- “Condescending Saviors: What Went Wrong with the Pol Pot Regime”, by F.G., A World to Win, #25 (1999), online at: http://www.bannedthought.net/International/RIM/AWTW/1999-25/PolPot_eng25.htm
Reformatted PDF version of this article: Searchable PDF format [34 pages; 426 KB]- “The Cambodian People are Sure to Win!”, by the Revolutionary Union (USA), 1973, 16 pages. Searchable PDF format [3,194 KB]
- “Fighting Cambodia: Reports of the Chinese Journalists Delegation to Cambodia”, (Peking: FLP, 1975), 80 pages. PDF Format [6,602 KB]; WinDjView Format [13,098 KB]
- [Book:] Cambodia: Starvation & Revolution, by George C. Hildebrand and Gareth Porter, (NY: Monthly Review Press, 1976), 132 pages. [This work argues that the evacuation of the cities was justified and necessary because of the truly desperate food situation brought on by years of ferocious US bombing and military attacks on Cambodia.] Searchable PDF format [7,489 KB]
- “On the Eve of the Vietnamese Invasion the CCL(ML) Delegation Visits Kampuchea”, an interview with Roger Rashi, Chairman of the Canadian Communist League (M-L) after the return of their delegation’s visit in December 1978, 3 pages. (From The Call, Vol. 8, #23, Jan. 22, 1979.) Searchable PDF format [188 KB]
Academic Studies (Generally from a bourgeois perspective, of course):
- “The Chinese Communist Party's Relationship with the Khmer Rouge in the 1970s: An Ideological Victory and a Strategic Failure”, by Wang Chenyi, (Washington, DC: Wilson Center Cold War International History Project, Working Paper #88, Dec. 2018), 51 pages. Searchable PDF format [919 KB]
- “The Political Construction of Narrative and Collective Memory in Cambodia”, by Rebecca Gidley, Situations, Vol. 10, No. 1, 2017, pp. 99-118. Searchable PDF format [281 KB]
- “‘Overturning the Basket’: Nostalgia, Maoism, and the Roots of the Communist Party of Kampuchea’s Ideology”, by Matt Galway, Strata journal (Univ. of Ottawa Student History Review), Vol. 5, Sept 2013, 30 pages. Searchable PDF format [350 KB]
- “The People’s Republic of Kampuchea, 1979-1989: A Draconian Savior?”, by Sok Udom Desh, (Master’s Thesis, 2009), 129 pages. (About the decade long period of Vietnamese sub-imperialist domination of Cambodia.) Searchable PDF format [423 KB]